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Prinzmetal's angina
Prinzmetal's or Prinzmetal angina (, sounds like "prints metal") (also known as variant angina, angina inversa, or coronary vessel spasm) is a syndrome typically consisting of angina (cardiac chest pain) at rest that occurs in cycles. It is caused by vasospasm, a narrowing of the coronary arteries caused by contraction of the smooth muscle tissue in the vessel walls rather than directly by atherosclerosis (buildup of fatty plaque and hardening of the arteries).
==Signs and symptoms==
Symptoms typically occur at rest, rather than on exertion (thus attacks usually occur at night).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Prinzmetal's Angina, Variant Angina and Angina Inversa )〕 Two-thirds of patients have concurrent atherosclerosis of a major coronary artery, but this is often mild or not in proportion to the degree of symptoms.
Prinzmetal's should be suspected by a cardiologist when the pain occurs at rest and/or in clusters, and in the absence of a positive treadmill stress test, as Prinzmetal's is exercise tolerant and can generally only be diagnosed after other forms of cardiac disease have been ruled out.
It is associated with specific ECG changes (elevation rather than depression of the ST segment). However, in order to be diagnosed, these ECG changes can only be tracked when the electrocardiogram occurs while the patient is experiencing an attack. Therefore, many experts recommend provocative testing during Electrocardiogram testing to attempt to induce an attack when Prinzmetal's is suspected.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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